How solar energy works

The solar power generation system is composed of a solar battery pack, a solar controller, and a battery (group). If the output power is AC 220V or 110V, you need to configure the inverter. The role of each part is:

(1) Solar panels: Solar panels are the core of solar power systems and the most valuable part of solar power systems. Its role is to convert the solar radiation capacity into electrical energy, or send it to the battery for storage, or to drive the load. The quality and cost of solar panels will directly determine the quality and cost of the entire system;

(2) Solar controller: The function of the solar controller is to control the working state of the whole system and to protect the battery from over-charge protection and over-discharge protection. In places with large temperature differences, qualified controllers should also have temperature compensation. Other additional functions such as light control switches and time control switches should be optional for the controller;

(3) Battery: Generally, it is a lead-acid battery. In a small and micro system, a nickel-hydrogen battery, a nickel-cadmium battery or a lithium battery can also be used. Its function is to store the electrical energy emitted by the solar panel when there is light, and then release it when needed.

(4) Inverter: In many occasions, 220VAC and 110VAC AC power supply are required. Since the direct output of solar energy is generally 12VDC, 24VDC, 48VDC. In order to supply electrical energy to 220 VAC appliances, it is necessary to convert the DC power generated by the solar power generation system into AC power, so a DC-AC inverter is required. In some cases, when a load of multiple voltages is required, a DC-DC inverter is also used, such as converting 24 VDC of electrical energy into 5 VDC of electrical energy (note that it is not a simple step-down).

The design of a solar power system needs to consider the following factors:

Q1. Where is the solar power system used? What is the solar radiation situation in the area?

Q2. What is the load power of the system?

Q3, what is the output voltage of the system, DC or AC?

Q4. How many hours does the system need to work every day?

Q5. How many days does the system need to be powered continuously in the event of rainy weather without sunlight?

Q6, load condition, pure resistance, capacitive or inductive, how much starting current?

Q7, the number of system requirements.